Myocarditis

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle affects the Myocardium is the middle layer of the heart wall

And the proportion of 0.01-0.04%. And usually occur as a result of a viral infection. It is an uncommon cause of many symptoms such as chest pain and irregular heartbeat. And when the condition worsens and sharply weaken the ability of the heart to pump blood and heart cannot feed all body parts with a sufficient quantity of blood. And can be formed clots in the heart, causing a heart attack Heart attack. Treatment depends on the cause of the injury.

Causes of myocarditis

There are many causes that lead to myocarditis:

• Rheumatic fever: a few years ago was considered more causes of myocarditis prevalent.

• The virus: most viruses that cause of myocarditis virus coxsackievirus alkoksaki which leads to symptoms like a simple case of flu. And there are other viruses cause disease such as measles virus, mumps and polio.

• Bacteria such as diphtheria and the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, which also caused inflammation of the heart valves.

• Parasites: like Toxoplasma Toxoplasma.

• Fungi: Candida like Candida.

• Exposure to some chemicals.

• Some medications, such as some antibiotics.

• Some diseases such as collagen diseases kalzeaebh red.

Symptoms of myocarditis

Symptoms of myocarditis varies depending on the cause and severity of the disease. In simple cases or may not appear on the patient's symptoms are only symptoms of the viral infection.

The most common symptoms are:

• General weakness in the body.

• Chest pain similar to angina pain.

• More rapid or irregular heartbeat.

• Shortness of breath.

• Fluid retention in the body with a swollen leg, ankle, and foot

And there are other less common symptoms like:

• Fainting and sudden loss of consciousness.

• The symptoms associated with viral infections such as headache, body aches, pain in the joints, high temperature, sore throat, or diarrhea.

• Occasionally patients with myocarditis occur with inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart Pericarditis which lead to sharp pain in middle of chest

In the case of children with myocarditis symptoms appear as follows:

• High temperature.

• Loss of appetite.

• Difficulty in breathing.

• Cyanosis color of skin.

The diagnosis of myocarditis

Is diagnosed through medical examination and conduct some tests, such as:

• ECG supply (ECGs) Electrocardiogram-ECG recording electrical activity of the heart from several angles. And shows a weakness or damage to the heart muscle.

• Chest x-ray Chest X-ray: the shape and size of the heart, and if there are any problems with the lungs which reflects the weakness of the heart to pump blood.

• Echocardiogram (an ultrasound on the heart) Echocardiogram: indicates enlarged heart, double pump blood, problems with heart valves.

• Blood tests: blood tests measured the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, some enzymes which refers to damage to the heart muscle, and antibodies to the viruses and bacteria that could be the cause of myocarditis

• Cardiac catheterization Cardiac catheterization: a thin, flexible tube is inserted (catheter) through a vein in the leg or neck, up the catheter to the heart. Then the tool is used for a very small sampling of cardiac muscle tissue. And then examine the sample taken in the laboratory to determine the presence of signs of inflammation or infection.

Complications Complications

If severe myocarditis may lead to a weakened capacity of the heart to pump blood, leading to:

• Incidence of depression-heart failure Heart failure.

• Be blood clots Blood clots.

• Incidence of heart attack Heart attack

Treatment of myocarditis

In many cases automatically is healing without the use of any drugs. Andsupports treatment of myocarditis to treat the infection that caused the diseaseand led to inflammation of the heart muscle. And some patients need medicine for several months until it is completely curable. Others may need to use medications for life.

Treat simple cases:

• Comfortable bedding.

• Reduce salt in the food.

• Avoid smoking and alcohol.

• Avoid exercise is powerful.

• Antibiotics are used if the infection-causing bacterial myocarditis.

• Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs: are used in some cases heart injury viral infection.

• Treatment of chronic diseases: the treatment of chronic diseases such as SLE if they are causing injury to the heart muscle.

Some medicines for heart like:

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as captopril alkabetobril which relaxes blood vessels to the heart and helps to ease the blood flow.

• Closed beta Beta blockers such as metoprolol almitobrolol which is used to treat depression and heart helps control the speed or arrhythmia.

• Diuretics: diuretics used to get rid of fluid retention in the body.

• Digoxin Digoxin: increases the strength of heart muscle contraction and lowers the speed of the heartbeat.

Treating acute cases:

Some severe cases require intensive treatment such as:

• Injected through a vein to improve the function of the heart in pumping blood.

• Using the Intra-aortic pump in the aorta balloon pump

• Use of temporary artificial heart Temporary artificial heart

• May need heart transplant Heart transplantation

Prevention of inflammation of the heart muscle

There are some ways to prevent